Kosin Medical Journal

Original article

Antinociceptive Effect of BPC-157 in the Formalin-induced Pain Model: Sang Yoong Park, So Ron Choi, Jeong Ho Kim, Seung Cheol Lee, Seong Yeop Jeong, Joon Ho Jeong, Tae Young Lee; Kosin Med J. 2021;36(1):1-13. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2021.36.1.1

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Objectives

Body protective compound-157 (BPC-157) is a stable gastric pentadecapeptide that has been effective in trials aiming to increase wound healing capabilities and decrease inflammatory cell influx, including studies on the healing of muscles and tendons. There are no studies about the effect of BPC-157 on pain transmission via nociception. This study examined the antinociceptive effects of BPC-157 using formalin tests and immunohistochemistry.

Methods

Rats were randomly divided into the control, morphine and BPC-157 groups. Pain behavior was quantified periodically at 5- and 35- min intervals (representative values of phases 1 and 2) by counting the number of flinches exhibited by the injected paw after injection. The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal cords (SC) were collected, and then, the number of cytokine-positive cells was determined via immunostaining.

Results

BPC-157 dose-dependently decreased the number of flinches during phase 1 but did not decrease the number of flinches during phase 2. During phase 1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the DRG tissue was significantly different in the morphine, 10 μg/kg BPC-157, and 20 μg/kg BPC-157 groups. During phase 2, statistical significance was achieved in the DRG tissue in the morphine, 20 μg/kg BPC-157, and 40 μg/kg BPC-157 groups. During phase 1, interleukin-6 was significantly different in the DRG tissue in the morphine group and the SC tissue in the 10 μg/kg BPC-157 group. During phase 2, statistical significance was achieved in the morphine group and the BPC-157 20 μg/kg group in both the DRG and SC tissues. There were no significant differences in tumor necrosis factor-α between the DRG and SC tissues.

Conclusions

BPC-157 was effective during phase 1 but not during phase 2, as determined by the formalin test. BPC-157 decreased the expression of IL-1β in the DRG tissue in phases 1 and 2.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Conventional Antiarrhythmics Class I–IV, Late INa Inhibitors, IKs Enhancers, RyR2 Stabilizers, Gap Junction Modulators, Atrial-Selective Antiarrhythmics, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Useful Cytoprotective Therapy in Arrhythmias
Predrag Sikiric, Ivan Barisic, Mario Udovicic, Martina Lovric Bencic, Diana Balenovic, Dean Strinic, Gordana Zivanovic Posilovic, Sandra Uzun, Hrvoje Vranes, Ivan Krezic, Marin Lozic, Vasilije Stambolija, Ivica Premuzic Mestrovic, Lidija Beketic Oreskovic
Pharmaceuticals.2026; 19(2): 235. CrossRef
Tendon, Ligament, and Muscle Injury, Osteotendinous, Myotendinous, and Muscle-to-Bone Junction Therapy Perspectives with Growth Factors and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157—A Review
Danijel Matek, Irena Matek, Mladen Japjec, Mirta Matek, Jakov Prenc, Borna Staresinic, Eva Staresinic, Andreja Prtoric, Suncana Sikiric, Lidija Beketic Oreskovic, Ivana Oreskovic, Sanja Strbe, Mario Kordic, Ante Tvrdeic, Sven Seiwerth, Predrag Sikiric, Al
Pharmaceuticals.2026; 19(2): 309. CrossRef
Cytoprotection as a Unifying Strategy for Hemorrhage and Thrombosis: The Role of BPC 157 and Related Therapeutics
Predrag Sikiric, Ivan Barisic, Mario Udovicic, Martina Lovric Bencic, Diana Balenovic, Dean Strinic, Gordana Zivanovic Posilovic, Sandra Uzun, Hrvoje Vranes, Ivan Krezic, Marin Lozic, Vasilije Stambolija, Ivica Premuzic Mestrovic, Lidija Beketic Oreskovic
Pharmaceuticals.2026; 19(3): 463. CrossRef
From Regeneration to Analgesia: The Role of BPC-157 in Tissue Repair and Pain Management
Claire Yuan, Ariana Demers, Victor Silva-Ortiz, Jamal J. Hasoon, Woojin Lee, Karan Dave, Kasra Amirdelfan, Harold W. Burke, Paul J. Christo, Christopher L. Robinson
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2026; 27(6): 2876. CrossRef
Unilateral Adrenalectomy, and the Stable Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy in Rats—A Cytoprotection Approach
Ivan Maria Smoday, Vlasta Vukovic, Katarina Oroz, Hrvoje Vranes, Luka Kalogjera, Ozren Gamulin, Josipa Vlainic, Marija Milavic, Suncana Sikiric, Nora Nikolac Gabaj, Domagoj Marijancevic, Antun Koprivanac, Laura Tomic, Sanja Strbe, Ivan Barisic, Lidija Bek
Pharmaceuticals.2026; 19(6): 873. CrossRef
Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide—Literature and Patent Review
Michalina Józwiak, Marta Bauer, Wojciech Kamysz, Patrycja Kleczkowska
Pharmaceuticals.2025; 18(2): 185. CrossRef
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain–Gut Axis and Gut–Brain Axis Function
Predrag Sikiric, Slaven Gojkovic, Ivan Krezic, Ivan Maria Smoday, Luka Kalogjera, Helena Zizek, Katarina Oroz, Hrvoje Vranes, Vlasta Vukovic, May Labidi, Sanja Strbe, Lidija Baketic Oreskovic, Marko Sever, Marijan Tepes, Mario Knezevic, Ivan Barisic, Vlad
Pharmaceuticals.2023; 16(5): 676. CrossRef
The anti-nociceptive effect of BPC-157 on the incisional pain model in rats
Young-Hoon Jung, Haekyu Kim, Hyaejin Kim, Eunsoo Kim, Jiseok Baik, Hyunjong Kang
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.2022; 22(2): 97. CrossRef
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Useful Cytoprotective Peptide Therapy in the Heart Disturbances, Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, Pulmonary Hypertension, Arrhythmias, and Thrombosis Presentation
Predrag Sikiric, Mario Udovicic, Ivan Barisic, Diana Balenovic, Gordana Zivanovic Posilovic, Dean Strinic, Sandra Uzun, Suncana Sikiric, Ivan Krezic, Helena Zizek, Haidi Yago, Slaven Gojkovic, Ivan Maria Smoday, Luka Kalogjera, Hrvoje Vranes, Marija Sola,
Biomedicines.2022; 10(11): 2696. CrossRef
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle
Mario Staresinic, Mladen Japjec, Hrvoje Vranes, Andreja Prtoric, Helena Zizek, Ivan Krezic, Slaven Gojkovic, Ivan Maria Smoday, Katarina Oroz, Eva Staresinic, Vilim Dretar, Haidi Yago, Marija Milavic, Suncana Sikiric, Eva Lovric, Lovorka Batelja Vuletic,
Biomedicines.2022; 10(12): 3221. CrossRef

Case report

A double-knotted pulmonary artery catheter with large loop in the right internal jugular vein: A case report: Kyoung Sub Yoon, Jung A Kim, Jeong In Hong, Jeong Ho Kim, Sang Yoong Park, So Ron Choi; Kosin Med J. 2018;33(2):240-244. Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2018.33.2.240

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Knotting of a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) is a rare, but well-known complication of pulmonary artery (PA) catheterization. We report a case of a double-knotted PAC with a large loop in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing liver transplantation, which has been rarely reported in the literature. A PAC was advanced under pressure wave form guidance. PAC insertion was repeatedly attempted and the PAC was inserted 80 cm deep even though PAC should be normally inserted 45 to 55 cm deep. However, since no wave change was observed, we began deflating and pulling the balloon. At the 30-cm mark, the PAC could no longer be pulled. Fluoroscopy confirmed knotting of the PAC after surgery (The loop-formed PAC was shown in right internal jugular vein); thus, it was removed. For safe PA catheterization, deep insertion or repeated attempts should be avoided when the catheter cannot be easily inserted into the pulmonary artery. If possible, the insertion of PACs can be performed more safely by monitoring the movement of the catheter under fluoroscopy or transesophageal echocardiography.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Knot formation of a pulmonary artery catheter associated with right internal jugular vein thrombosis: a case report
Masayo Kawakami, Masato Hara, Daisuke Fujita, Masaki Yano, Teruyuki Hiraki
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2026; 138(3): 547. CrossRef

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